Provided herein are methods that include introducing into an inner ear of a mammal a therapeutically effective amount of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector that includes a nucleotide sequence encoding (a) a polypeptide including an antibody heavy chain variable domain operably linked to a signal peptide and a polypeptide including an antibody light chain variable domain operably linked to a signal peptide； (b) a polypeptide including an antigen-binding antibody fragment operably linked to a signal peptide； or (c) a soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor operably linked to a signal peptide.
