The present invention relates to a stem cell derived from the basal layer of basal trophoblast layer (bCT), which is a detailed tissue of the placenta, and a cell therapeutic agent comprising the same. Stem cells derived from the trophoblast basal layer according to the present invention exhibit homogeneous growth characteristics, superior proliferation characteristics and differentiation characteristics compared to conventional whole placenta or other tissue-derived stem cells, and are excellent in tissue-deficient animal models It has a regenerative effect and can be usefully used as a cell therapeutic agent.本発明は、胎盤の細部組織である栄養膜基底層(basal portion of chorionic trophoblast layer、bCT)から由来した幹細胞及びそれを含む細胞治療剤に関する。本発明に係る栄養膜基底層から由来した幹細胞は、従来の胎盤全体または他の組織由来幹細胞に比べて均質な成長特性、優れた増殖特性及び分化特性を示し、組織欠損動物モデルで優れた組織再生効果を有しており、細胞治療剤として有用に利用できる。