Disclosed herein are various bladder cancer treatments and methods. Thepresent disclosure can take advantage of propylene glycol concentrationsand/or NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1 ), Cytochrome P450Oxidoreductase (P450R) and Glucose transporter 1 (Glut-1 ) protein expressionin human transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder to offer individuallytargeted bladder cancer treatments.