An objective of the present invention is achieved by a bio-implantable material winding system constituted by a sheet winding system comprising a sheet-shaped bio-implantable material F and a sheet winding device capable of winding the bio-implantable material, said sheet winding device comprising an axle member and a cylindrical member fitted onto the axle member and capable of moving relative to the axle member in the axle direction. The bio-implantable material winding system is configured to be capable of retaining the bio-implantable material in a rolled state in a gap between a leading end part of the axle member and the cylindrical member covering the leading end part. The bio-implantable material is configured to be deployable so as to assume a sheet-like shape when the leading end part of the axle member is exposed and the retaining action by the sheet winding device released.
