This relates to indole and indazole compounds that activate 5-adenosine monophosphate (AMPK) activated protein kinase. It also comprises pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and methods for treating or preventing diseases, conditions or disorders enhanced by AMPK activation, such as chronic kidney disease, diabetic kidney disease, kidney injury, type II diabetes, dyslipidemia or obesity. Claim 1: A compound of formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein X is N or CH； R¹ is -C (O) ORA, -C (O) NRBRC, -S (O₂) ORA, -S (O₂) NHC (O) RD, 5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4- oxadiazol-3-yl or 1H-tetrazol-5-yl；RA is H or C₁₋₆ alkyl；RB and RC are, independently, H, C₁₋₆-alkyl or -S (O₂) RD； RD is C₁₋₆ alkyl,-CF₃ or phenyl, wherein phenyl is optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 substituents which are independently C₁₋₆ alkoxy,1. Lease land No. c833218331 and 832626；Ciano, halogen, halalcoxi c832131；haloalkyl C₁₋₆,hydroxy, mercapto, nitro or NRERF； RE and RF are independently H or C₁₋₆ alkyl；R2,R³ and R⁴ are, independently, H, C₁₋₆ alkoxy,1. Lease land No. c833218331 and 832626；alquil C -tio carboxi ciano hal geno haloalcoxi Chaloalkyl C₁₋₆,hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl C₁₋₈,mercapto, nitro, -NRGRH or (NRGRH) carbonyl； RG and RH are, independently, H, C₁₋₆-alkyl or C carbon-alkylcarbonyl； R⁵ is H or C₁₋₆ alkyl；L is a bond, O, S, NRA, C₁₋₆ alkylene,C₂₋₆ alkenylene or C₂₋₆ alkynylene；A is phenyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzo [b] [1,4] dioxin, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran, 2,3C₁₋₆-alkoxy-C₁₋₆-alkoxy,C₁₋₆-alkoxy-C₁₋₆-alkyl,2. Alcoxi c83218c8331s 832626 carbonate, Aquilo c83216c833126；C₁₋₆-alkyl carbonyl, C₁₋₆-alkyl thio, aryl, arylalkoxy C₁₋₆,arylalkyl C₁₋₆,arilcarbonilo ariloxi carboxi carboxialcoxi Ccarboxyalkyl C₁₋₆,cyano, cycloalkyl C₃₋₈,C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkoxy,C183238c83288a - lessor c83218c833162622；cicloalquil C -carbonilo cicloalquil C -oxi hal geno haloalcoxi Chaloalkyl C₁₋₆,Heterosexual, heterosexual c832131；heteroarylalkyl C₁₋₆,heteroarylcarbonyl, heteroaryl
