A purpose of the present invention is to provide a method capable of more effectively prescribing an anti-human PD-1 antibody for anti-cancer therapy, a method for estimating or optimizing therapeutic efficacy thereof, and further an efficacy marker that can be used in methods thereof. The present invention enables selection of the cancer patient in whom the therapeutic efficacy of the anti-human PD-1 antibody can be expected in future, by measuring the change which is more than a certain level of several kinds of efficacy markers in blood, after administering the initial dose or doses of the anti-human PD-1 antibody compared to that prior to administering the initial dose, and provides a new prescription of the anti-human PD-1 antibody for anti-cancer therapy.
