Disclosed are methods and compositions for using microRNA (miRNA) for treating cancer. The methods and compositions include hsa-miR-204 and homologs of hsa-miR-204.L'invention concerne des méthodes et des compositions utilisant des microARN (miARN) pour traiter le cancer, et contenant le hsa-miR-204 et des homologues du hsa-miR-204.