The invention relates to pharmaceutical composition and the use of melatonin,either alone or in combination with at least one compound selected from thegroup consisting of L-arginine, a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, oneor more other physiologically acceptable compounds associated with thesynthesis of nitric oxide and mixtures thereof, for the manufacture of amedicament for the therapeutic treatment, prophylactic treatment and/orprevention of postoperative infectious and/or non-infections complications maybe pneumonia, wound infection (wound dehiscence), intra-abdominal abscess, andurinary tract infections (UTI) or wherein the non-infectious complication maybe anastomotic leak, or ischemia/reperfusion.
