The present invention provides a method for treating or ameliorating the effects of a neurodegenerative disorder in a subject in need thereof. The method includes, for example, administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound selected from:combinations thereof, or an N-oxide, crystalline form, hydrate thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The present invention also provides a method for treating or ameliorating the effects of a condition associated with increased protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) activity and a method of modulating PDI activity in a cell. The present invention also provides compounds, salts, compositions and kits useful for the provided methods.
