A method for prophylaxis and/or treatment of mucositis comprising the steps ofproviding a therapeutically effectiveamount of a composition comprising either (1) at least one compound selectedfrom the group consisting of5-[2-pyrazinyl]-4-methyl--1,2-3-thione or an analogue, derivative, metabolite,prodrug, solvate or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof； or (2) acytokinincompound； and administering the composition to a subject in need of suchtreatment. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositionscomprising 5-[2-pyrazinyl]-4-methyl-1,2-3- thione and/or a cytokinin compoundand use of these compositions in the preparation ofa medicament for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of mucositis. The cytokinincompound may be selected from, but is not limitedto N6-isopentenyl adenosine and N6-benzyl adenosine. The compositions mayfurther comprise a chemotherapeutic agent, such ascisplatin. Further provided are methods and compositions for reducing and/orpreventing weight loss in subjects undergoing cancertreatment.
