The present disclosure provides methods and compositions useful for screening agents for activity in modulating response regulator signaling activity, which is, in turn, useful for determining whether these agents modulate biofilm formation or lowers the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of an antibiotic, useful in determining or selecting optimum agents and/or agent dosages in modulating a biofilm of interest or lowering the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of an antibiotic, and useful as a research tool for studying response regulators.