A transparent gel composition that has high transparency, being free from syneresis and that is impervious to gel breakdown by bacteria multiplication or film formation and other problems. The transparent gel composition contains a gelling agent, a volatile drug, a surfactant and water, and is characterized in that purified ?-carrageenan of 0.01 mass% or less nitrogen content in the dry state and 25 mg or less calcium content per 100 g is contained as the gelling agent. Further, there is provided a process for producing a transparent gel drug utilizing the transparent gel composition.