An implantable lead including a lead body, an electrode coupled to the lead body, and at least one cellular modulation segment. The lead body has a proximal end and a distal end. The lead body includes an outer layer defining a lumen. The outer layer has an outside surface. The electrical conductor is disposed within the lumen of the outer layer. The electrode is coupled to the lead body. The electrode is in electrical communication with the electrical conductor. The at least one cellular modulation segment is on the outside surface of the outer layer. The at least one cellular modulation segment includes topographic surface features configured to modulate cellular responses. The topographic surface features include a plurality of raised nodes and a plurality of raised ridges interconnecting the plurality of nodes and forming a lattice structure.
