THE PRESENT INVENTION RELATES TO A PROMOTER REGION OF A MICRORNA, THE USE OF A MICRORNA, IN PARTICULAR MIR-21, AND RELATED ELEMENTS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS AND FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A MEDICAMENT FOR THE TREATMENT AND/OR PREVENTION OF FIBROSIS AND/OR FIBROSIS RELATED DISEASES. ADDITIONALLY, THE INVENTION CONCERNS ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES AGAINST TARGETS OF MIR-21. A CELL DEFICIENT FOR MIR-21, THE PROMOTER REGION AND TARGETS OF MIR-21 AND A KNOCK-OUT ORGANISM THEREOF ARE ALSO ENCOMPASSED. FINALLY, THE INVENTION IS DIRECTED TO A METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING FIBROSIS AND/OR FIBROSIS RELATED DISEASES AND TO A METHOD FOR SCREENING A PHARMACEUTICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUND FOR THE TREATMENT OF FIBROSIS AND/OR FIBROSIS RELATED DISEASES. THE PRESENT INVENTION FURTHER RELATES TO COMPOSITIONS FOR USE IN THE TREATMENT, AMELIORATION, AND/OR PREVENTION OF FIBROSIS. IN CERTAIN EMBODIMENTS, THE COMPOSITIONS MODULATE THE ACTIVITY OF A MIRNA FOR THE TREATMENT, AMELIORATION, AND/OR PREVENTION OF FIBROSIS. IN CERTAIN EMBODIMENTS, THE COMPOSITIONS INHIBIT THE ACTIVITY OF MIR-21 FOR THE TREATMENT, AMELIORATION, AND/OR PREVENTION OF FIBROSIS. (FIGURE 1A)
