The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition made from the following raw materials or from water and/or alcohol extracts of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 to 200 parts of Ganoderma, 5 to 150 parts of Radix Panacis Quinquefolii or Radix Et Rhizoma Ginseng, 1 to 90 parts of fermented Cordyceps sinensis powder and/or 1 to 120 parts of Cordyceps, and optionally one or more of 5 to 90 parts of Flos Rosae Rugosae, 5 to 150 parts of Ganoderma spore powder, 10 to 400 parts of Radix Pseudostellariae, 3 to 400 parts of Radix Codonopsis and 3 to 400 parts of Radix Astragali. Clinical trials demonstrate that the composition can significantly reduce HIV virus load in patients, increase the number of CD4+ cells, enhance the immunity of patients, has no considerable toxic and side effects, and is suitable for long-term use.