Methods and compositions for treating ophthalmic disease, promoting development of functional neuronal synapses and improving neuronal outgrowth using progenitor cells, such as postpartum-derived cells, and conditioned media from the cells, are disclosed. Trophic factors and other agents secreted by the cells that promote synapse formation and neuronal growth are also disclosed.用於使用前驅細胞諸如產後衍生細胞及來自該等細胞之條件培養基治療眼科疾病、促進功能性神經元突觸之發育並改善神經元外生之方法及組成物係經揭示。亦揭示由促進突觸形成及神經元生長之細胞分泌之營養因子及其他劑。