An improved method of treating an osteochondral defect is provided, which is a composite tissue for treating or preventing a disease, disorder, or condition associated with an osteochondral defect, comprising a three-dimensional synthetic tissue and an artificial bone, wherein the three-dimensional synthetic tissue is substantially made of a cell and an extracellular matrix derived from the cell, the extracellular matrix contains fibronectin, collagen I, collagen III, and vitronectin, and the extracellular matrix is diffusedly distributed in the tissue.
