Since high myopia increases the risks of retinal detachment, myopic chorioretinal atrophy, myopic choroidal neovascularization, glaucoma, and cataract, establishment of prophylaxis against the progress of myopia is desired. However, at present, there is no effective prophylaxis or therapy for axial myopia, which is considered to cause high myopia. The present invention, which was completed based on the finding that Rho kinase inhibitors have an inhibitory action on axial length extension, provides a prominently effective prophylactic or therapeutic agent comprising a Rho kinase inhibitor as an active ingredient for axial myopia.
