Bone graft compositions and methods are provided for promoting cellular recruitment bone regeneration. The novel bone graft includes at least one of: fluorapatite nano-crystalline coated non-ceramic hydrophilic hydroxylapatite crystals and a combination of fluorapatite nano-crystalline coated non-ceramic hydrophilic hydroxylapatite crystals and fluorapatite nano-crystalline coated hydroxylapatite crystal clusters. Methods include treating cells at a bone defect site with the novel bone graft, wherein fluorapatite crystallites from the fluorapatite nano-crystalline coating immediately and continuously release fluorapatite to the cellular environment over the course of treating the cells. The compositions and methods promote cell differentiation, migration, and proliferation. Through the use of compositions and methods provided herein, inhibition of the migration of connective tissue and epithelial cells to bone defect sites is realized for better bone restoration by osteoblast cells. Moreover, inhibition of inflammatory cells and bacteria at the surgical site are realized, further enhancing bone restoration.
