The invention relates to a dispersion of polymer particles stabilized with a stabilizer in a nonaqueous medium containing at least one hydrocarbon-based oil, the polymer of the particles being a C1-C4 alkyl (meth)acrylate polymer; the stabilizer being a C1-C4 alkyl (meth)acrylate polymer and optionally of a silicone macromonomer (I):the stabilizer being a polymer comprising from 50% to 100% by weight, relative to the total weight of the stabilizer, of C8-C22 alkyl acrylate, from 0 to 50% by weight of C1-C4 alkyl (meth)acrylate and optionally silicone macromonomer (I).The invention also relates to the composition comprising said dispersion of polymer particles.Cosmetic use for caring for and making up keratin materials.