PURPOSE: A composition containing seed of Raphanus sativus L. extract or powder is provided to treat or prevent inflammatory bowel diseases including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. CONSTITUTION: A composition for treating or preventing inflammatory bowel disease contains seed of Raphanus sativus L. powder or extract. The seed of Raphanus sativus L. extract is isolated using water, methanol, ethanol, butanol, chloroform, hexane, ethylacetate, dichloromethane, or mixture solvent thereof or by supercritical extraction. The composition is manufactured in the form of medicinal product or functional food. The medicinal product or functional food additionally contains pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or additive.본 발명은 염증성 장 질환, 즉, 궤양성 대장염과 크론병의 치료 또는 예방에 유용한 조성물에 관한 것으로서, 나복자 추출물 또는 나복자 분말을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.