Disclosed are compositions and methods for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer, including prostate cancer and renal cell carcinoma, by targeting one or more of OCT3/4, Nanog, Sox2, c-Myc or Klf4 nucleic acid or polypeptide. Treatment selection based on the expression level of OCT3/4, Nanog, Sox2, c-Myc or Klf4 is also disclosed.La présente invention concerne des compositions et des procédés pour le diagnostic, le traitement et la prévention dun cancer, comprenant le cancer de la prostate et lhypernéphrome, ainsi que pour le choix dun traitement.