1. A device for shifting the beam wavefront sampling and wavefront, comprising: an optical transmission system, adapted to the direction of propagation of the wavefront of the beam and the transmission wavefront of the wavefront of the subject in the object space plane wavefront to a wavefront of the image plane in the image space wave front sampling aperture located substantially in the image plane wavefront and beam shifting element arranged in the space in front of the aperture of the wavefront image, configured to capture substantially all of the beam wavefront in space wave fronta.2 image. Device for shearing the wavefront of the beam and wavefront sampling of Claim. 1, in which the optical transmission system is a transmission 4-F system comprising first and second linzy.3. Apparatus for shifting the wavefront and the wavefront of the beam on the sample n. 1, wherein the biasing element comprises a movable beam transmissive medium configured to transmit shear wave front of the beam relative to the aperture vyborki.4. Apparatus for shifting the wavefront and the wavefront of the beam on the sample n. 1, wherein the biasing element comprises a moveable beam reflective surface configured to shift the transmitted wavefront of the beam relative to the aperture vyborki.5. Apparatus for shifting the wavefront and the wavefront of the beam on the sample n. 1, wherein the beam shifting element is a magneto-optical or electro-optical or acousto with
