The present invention discloses a vaccine preventing and/or treating autoimmune diseases. Its active component is: the mixture consisting of a protein antigen causing an autoimmune disease or the epitope polypeptides thereof, and the recombinant eukaryotic vector with the coding genes of an autoantigen or the epitope polypeptides thereof inserted into multiple cloning sites. The autoantigen is insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase or heat shock protein, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, two myelin antigens, zona pellucida 3, myoglobulin, type II collagen, thyroglobulin, cell membrane surface antigen, type II colloid antigen, acetylcholine receptor, thyrocyte cell surface antigen, salivary gland duct antigen, thyroglobulin, superantigen, or interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein. The vaccine can inhibit the proliferation of T cells of immune animals and humans, induce the occurrence of immune suppression, as well as prevent and/or treat autoimmune diseases effectively.
