Provided herein are ophthalmic pharmaceutical formulations comprising a rifamycin compound. Also provided herein are methods of treating ocular diseases or disorders by administering such ophthalmic formulations. This invention relates generally to pharmaceutical compositions or formulations suitable for administration to an eye. In some aspects, this invention relates to ophthalmic pharmaceutical compositions or formulations comprising one or more rifamycin compounds selected from the group consisting of rifampicin, rifabutin, rifapentine. In one aspect, the invention relates to methods of treating an ocular disease, disorder or condition comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an ophthalmic composition comprising an effective amount of a rifamycin compound selected from the group consisting of rifampicin, rifabutin, rifapentine, and rifaximin.