This invention relates to pro-tolerogenic preparations capable of increasing the level of regulatory T cells (Treg) and/or decreasing the level of pro-inflammatory T cells (Th17) to induce anergy or immune tolerance. The pro-tolerogenic preparation is enriched in at least one species of miRNAs and is obtained by contacting two allogeneic leukocyte populations wherein at least one of the two populations is modified with a low-immunogenic biocompatible polymer. Acellular pro-tolerogenic compositions, process for making such composition as well as therapeutic uses of such compositions are also provided.
