A method is provided for treating a subject in need of therapy for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and related CNS disorder symptoms of impaired learning, impaired planning, impaired problem solving, impulsiveness attention deficit and aggression comprising administering to said subject an amount of a ketogenic material sufficient to produce a ketosis in the subject sufficient to provide therapeutic benefit in such behavioural disorders. Preferred materials produce a ketosis is such that the total concentration of acetoacetate and (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate in the blood of the subject is raised to between 0.1 and 30 mM.
