The present disclosure relates to a method for establishing an oral ulcer animal model with Yin-deficiency and fire-excess syndrome based on sleep deprivation, comprising the following steps of: burning buccal mucosa of a rat with phenol to cause a white injury, and obtaining the oral ulcer animal model after 24-48 h； placing the animal model in a sleep deprivation device for 2-7 days； wherein the device is composed of a mouse box in which a plurality of platforms with a diameter of 4-8 cm are arranged at an interval of 10-20 cm from each other； and water is filled among the platforms, and the platforms are about 0.1-2 cm higher than a water surface. The present disclosure overcomes the defects of single evaluation index, short model duration, and unconformity of etiology and clinic existed in the prior art.
