The present invention concerns, in this example, a sterilization case (200) for surgical instruments (210) including an electronic identity device (100) for the monitoring and traceability of the case and the content of same, the electronic device (100) including:—a measurement module (10) for taking at least one measurement relative to at least one parameter representative of an environmental condition to which the sterilization case (200) is exposed and for generating an item of digital measurement data (D_M) depending on the measurement,—a storage module (20) for storing the generated item of measurement data (D_M),—a communication module (30) suitable for cooperating with the storage module (20) in order to transmit the item of measurement data (D_M) to an external reader (300, 300′) when the external reader (300, 300′) interacts with the communication module (30).
