The present Invention discloses an Asarum total polysaccharide extract with antitussive activity, an extraction method thereon and an application in the preparation of a medicine for preventing and treating coughs. The present invention proves that the Asarum total polysaccharide extract has a significant effect of suppressing cough for the first time through a large number of pharmacodynamic tests, has the therapeutic effect approximate to codeine, has the effect of prolonging the cough latent period better than codeine, and also finds that the total Asarum polysaccharide extract has the effects of reducing the cough sensitivity and suppressing the airway inflammation for the first time, has excellent preventive and therapeutic effects on various types of coughs, and can be used for preparing the medicines for preventing and treating cough-related diseases.
