Provided is a positioning immediate-release bioadhesive and relates to a medical device for preventing or/and treating diabetes, obesity, alcoholism, gastric and intestinal mucosal inflammation or/and ulcers and the like. The positioning immediate-release bioadhesive is prepared by preparing a biocompatible bioadhesive material into micro-particles, externally adding an immediate-release disintegrant, tabletting and then performing enteric or gastric coating； or performing enteric or gastric coating on the micro-particles； or filling into enteric-coated or gastric-coated hollow capsules； or directly tabletting the bioadhesive material, the immediate-release disintegrant and other additional agents and then performing enteric or gastric coating. After the positioning immediate-release bioadhesive is taken, the positioning immediate-release bioadhesive can realize positioning and immediate release, rapidly adhere to and cover the upper segment of duodenum and jejunum or/and gastric mucosa and weaken the absorption of the upper segment of duodenum and jejunum or/and stomach. The positioning immediate-release bioadhesive is orally administered, convenient to carry, convenient to store and convenient to use, and a patient using the positioning immediate-release bioadhesive does not need to go to a hospital, perform an operation or use endoscopy and further has no pain, thereby enhancing the compliance of a user and avoiding the complexity of the operation.
