Systems configured to apply pressure to a foot and electrically stimulate muscles to contract in order to increase circulation and facilitate removal of metabolic waste, and related methods, are disclosed. One exemplary embodiment comprises an actuator that repeatedly compresses the bottom of a foot and an electrical muscle stimulator that repeatedly sends electrical pulses to a muscle to facilitate a muscle contraction. The system may also include a compression garment, such as a compression sock to be worn while undergoing both the repeated compression cycles and the repeated electrical pulses. The system may also include an item of footwear, wherein the actuator portion is partially or completely contained within the item of footwear. Additionally and/or alternatively, the electrical muscle stimulator may be partially or completely contained within the item of footwear.
