The present invention relates to use an agent for the prevention and/ortreatment of multiple organ dysfunctionsyndrome (MODS) or multiple organ failure (MOF) comprising interleukin-22 (IL-22) as an effective ingredient. The present inventionis applicable to prevention of or therapy for diseases from sepsis, septicshock, liver failure, to multiple organ dysfunctionsyndromes. More particularly, the present invention is useful for an emergencymedical service, for treatment of injury caused by atraffic accident, burns, heat attacks, hypercytokinemia or severe infectivediseases.