#$%^&*AU2017101779B420180920.pdf#####Abstract According to the present invention there is provided a method of treating timber with a creosote-containing preservative formulation adapted for use at substantially ambient temperature. The formulation comprises: creosote; one or more surfactants such that when diluted with a predetermined quantity of water, the creosote is present as an oil-in-water macroemulsion or microemulsion; and optionally, an anti-foaming agent and/or a fire retardant. It is found empirically that the inventive concentrate allows for the use of creosote, a known-effective biocide, without many of the drawbacks inherent in such use.