The present invention discloses a pharmaceutical composition comprising a monosaccharide and/or polysaccharide as an active ingredient thereof, for decreasing the accumulation of di-carbonyl compounds in the human body. Said monosaccharide is a monomer of said polysaccharide, and the molecular weight of the polysaccharide ranges from 29kDa to 36kDa. The monosaccharide and/or polysaccharide can be used to prevent or treat nephritis or diseases associated with di-carbonyl compounds, or other diseases caused by carbonyl-stress, and also be used to make the relevant drug.本發明揭露一種以單醣及/或多醣作為有效成分所製備而得之醫藥組合物，可用以降低體內累積的雙羰基化合物。上述的單醣係為多醣之一單體，此多醣之分子量範圍為29kDa至36kDa。此單醣及/或多醣可以用來預防或治療腎炎或其他與雙羰基化合物相關之疾病或羰基壓力所導致的疾病，也可以用來製造相關的藥物。
