Techniques and device configurations used in the detection of migraine triggers or similar human pain conditions are disclosed. In an example, a migraine trigger detection device collects data on ambient stimuli for a human subject, through various light, sound, or odor sensors. A computing device connected to the migraine trigger detection device receives and processes the data to correlate the detected stimuli with migraine symptoms of the human subject. Such correlation may be based on real-time data, data from a prior phase of the migraine, or data from other migraine episodes (e.g., to identify common triggers of migraines over time). Additionally, such correlation may be performed with use of a remote data processing system that receives the sensor data (or aggregated forms of data). In further examples, trigger reports, pain condition, time inputs, or migraine phase may be obtained through a graphical user interface of the computing device.