Cosmetic use of at least one micro-organism of genus Bifidobacteriumspecies, one of its fractions and/or one of its metabolites to treat and/or prevent dryness and/or disorders associated with keratin material, where the microorganism is implemented in the form of a lysate, is claimed. An independent claim is included for a cosmetic and/or dermatological composition, for preventing and/or treating dry keratin materials, comprising at least a lysate of a microorganism of the genus Bifidobacteriumspecies in combination with at least an other microorganisms, one of fractions and/or one of its metabolites, different from lysate, in a physiologically acceptable medium. ACTIVITY : Dermatological. MECHANISM OF ACTION : None given.