Disclosed are compositions of matter, which are extracts of the microalga Aphanizomenon flos Aquae Aquae Rafts ex Born. Rah. Var. flos aquae (AFA-Klamath), and purified components thereof. These compositions are useful for the treatment of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, and of mood conditions. These diseases and conditions include conditions and disorders such as Alzheimers disease, Parkinsons disease, multiple sclerosis, hyperactivity and attention deficit disorders, autism, depression, memory deficit, and mood disturbances.
