This invention includes spinosyn biosynthetic genes, spinosyn producing microorganisms transformed with the biosynthetic genes, methods using the biosynthetic genes to increase production of spinosyn insecticidal macrolides, and methods using the genes or fragments thereof to change the products produced by spinosyn-producing microorganisms. Additionally, the present invention includes methods and compositions for converting a spinosyn A and D producing strain to a spinetoram precursor, spinosyn J and L, producing strain.本發明包括斯賓諾辛(spinosyn)生物合成基因；以該生物合成基因轉形之產生斯賓諾辛的微生物；使用該生物合成基因以增加斯賓諾辛殺蟲性巨環內酯的生產作用之方法；及使用該基因或其片段以改變產生斯賓諾辛之微生物所產生的產物之方法。此外，本發明包括用於將產生斯賓諾辛A與D的一品系轉變為產生賜諾特(spinetoram)前驅物即斯賓諾辛J與L的一品系之方法與組成物。
