A system for percutaneous facet joint fusion includes a guide wire, a drill guide, a sheath, and a drill bit. The guide wire is configured for placement through an incision and into a pedicle of a first vertebra, where the incision is posterior to the first vertebra. The drill guide includes an opening that is configured to receive a drill bit. The sheath is mounted to the drill guide and is configured to receive the guide wire such that the drill guide can be positioned adjacent to a facet joint formed by the first vertebra and a second vertebra. The drill bit is configured to create a void in the facet joint by way of the drill guide, where the void is configured to receive a bone graft or bone growth promoting material.
