Medication administration and adherence systems and related methods are disclosed. According to another aspect, a medication dispenser includes a receptacle configured to receive medication. The medication dispenser also includes medication dispensing mechanism configured to position the medication for access by a patient. Further, the medication dispenser includes a medication manager configured to receive a prescription for administering the received medication to the patient. The medication manager can also identify the received medication. Further, the medication manager can control the medication dispensing mechanism to position the medication for access by the patient based on identification of the received medication and the prescription.