Disclosed herein is the use of an active agent that causes reduction of the level of systemic immunosuppression in an individual in the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease in an individual. The active agent may be selected from: a neutralizing anti-PD-1 antibody； a neutralizing anti-PD-L1 antibody； a neutralizing anti-TIM-3 antibody； or a combination thereof. The manufactured pharmaceutical composition is formulated for administration by a dosage regimen that causes transient reduction of the level of systemic immunosuppression comprising at least two courses of therapy. Each course of therapy comprising in sequence a treatment session that comprises administration of the pharmaceutical composition to the individual, followed by a non-treatment session in which the pharmaceutical composition is not administered to the individual.
