PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an X-ray imaging apparatus with which the acquisition of phase information is easier than with a conventional apparatus in a region that gives difficulty to acquire the phase information of a subject and may be caused when an absorption grating having a region with an irregularity occurring in the period of a periodic structure of the absorption grating is used.SOLUTION: The X-ray imaging apparatus includes: a diffraction grating 3 forming an interference pattern by diffracting X-rays emitted from an X-ray source 1； an absorption grating 4 for shielding a portion of the interference pattern； a detector 5 for detecting the X-rays emitted from the absorption grating 4； and a moving unit for changing relative positions of a subject and the absorption grating. The moving unit changes the relative positions of the subject 20 and the absorption grating 4 from first relative positions to second relative positions that are the relative positions of the subject 20 and the absorption grating 4 moved in a periodic direction of the absorption grating by a length corresponding to an integral multiple of a period of the absorption grating 4. The detector 5 detects the X-rays at least when the subject 20 and the absorption grating are at the first relative positions and at the second relative positions.【課題】 遮蔽格子の周期構造の周期が乱れた領域が生じた遮蔽格子を用いた場合に生じうる、被検体の位相情報を取得することが困難な領域における位相情報取得が従来よりも容易なＸ線撮像装置を提供すること。【解決手段】 Ｘ線撮像装置は、Ｘ線源１からのＸ線を回折することで干渉パターンを形成する回折格子３と、干渉パターンの一部を遮蔽する遮蔽格子４と、遮蔽格子４からのＸ線を検出する検出器５と、被検体と遮蔽格子との相対位置を変化させる移動手段を備える。移動手段は、被検体２０と遮蔽格子４の相対位置を、第１の相対位置から、被検体２０と遮蔽格子４の相対位置が遮蔽格子の周期方向に遮蔽格子の周期の整数倍移動した第２の相対位置に変化させる。検出器５は、少なくとも被検体２０と遮蔽格子４との相対位置が第１の相対位置の時と第２の相対位置の時とにＸ線の検出を行う。【選択図】 図１
