The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition or a medicament, notably a protective Staphylococcus aureus vaccine, comprising at least one cell wall-associated Staphylococcus aureus protein or a fragment or derivative thereof causing an immune response that induces opsonophagocytic activity of human neutrophils for S. aureus. The invention further provides particular cell wall-associated Staphylococcus aureus proteins and their use.