The invention relates to a process for capturing one or more carbonyl compounds B resulting from the reaction between one or more compounds constituting sebum and ozone on the surface of a material or in a material, characterized in that one or more compounds A having one or more nucleophilic functions FA forming in situ on the surface of said material or in said material a layer capturing said compound(s) B is (are) applied to the surface of said material. The invention also relates to the cosmetic use of one or more compounds A having one or more nucleophilic functions FA capable of reacting with one or more carbonyl compounds B resulting from the reaction between one or more compounds constituting sebum and ozone, as a soothing agent, said compound(s) with nucleophilic functions(s) being intended for preventing and/or treating discomforting reactions of keratin materials induced by the carbonyl compounds B.
