The present disclosure describes hydrophobically modified nanoparticles and polymeric nanostructures that can be utilized to for the treatment of neuronal injury or neuronal disease in an affected patient, along with methods of forming and using the nanoparticles and nanostructures. Furthermore, the nanoparticles and nanostructures are designed as "dual action" compositions to treat neuronal injury and neuronal disease via repair of damaged membrane and suppression of intracellular inflammation.
