The purpose of the present invention is to provide an image acquisition device and method capable of simultaneously acquiring a two-dimensional image and a three-dimensional image through a one-time photographing step. To this end, the present invention comprises: a control module for controlling a first photographing for acquiring a two-dimensional image and a second photographing for acquiring a three-dimensional image； an X-ray generation unit for irradiating an object, to be inspected, with X-rays in each of first and second doses at at least one position in accordance with the first photographing and at a plurality of second positions in accordance with the second photographing； an X-ray detector for receiving the X-rays by which the object to be inspected was irradiated, and acquiring data corresponding to the first and second photographings； and an image conversion unit for converting data of the first photographing into a two-dimensional image and converting data of the second photographing into a three-dimensional image, wherein the first dose is larger than the second dose, and the first position and the second positions are within a preset trajectory.
