The use of agents for the inhibition of caspase-2 and caspase-6 in the protection of central and peripheral neurons is disclosed. In particular, the invention comprises an inhibitor of caspase-2 for use in the treatment of a disease, a disorder or an injury of the nervous system by combined, sequential or separate administration with an inhibitor of caspase-6. Further provided is a composition comprising an inhibitor of caspase-2 and an inhibitor of caspase-6. The diseases may include ocular disorders or injuries, including ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) or other optical neuropathies.
