A cosmetic gel-gel type composition for making up and/or caring for keratin materials, includes (i) at least one aqueous phase gelled with at least one hydrophilic gelling agent selected from the group consisting of copolymers of (1) 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and (2) hydroxyethyl acrylate; and (ii) at least one oily phase gelled with at least one lipophilic gelling agent selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon-based polyamides, silicone polyamides, and mixtures thereof. Either (a) the at least one hydrophilic gelling agent is a copolymer of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and of hydroxyethyl acrylate, and the at least one lipophilic gelling agent is ethylenediamine/stearyl dimer dilinoleate copolymer, or (b) the at least one hydrophilic gelling agent is a copolymer of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and of hydroxyethyl acrylate, and the at least one lipophilic gelling agent is Nylon-611/dimethicone copolymer.