#$%^&*AU2018200495B220191121.pdf#####AGRICULTURAL TRENCH CLOSING SYSTEMS, METHODS, AND APPARATUS ABSTRACT An agricultural planter row unit (10) configured to move in a forward direction along a soil surface, the planter row unit (10) including a row unit frame (14) supporting a trench opening assembly configured to open a seed trench (3) in the soil surface into which seed is deposited, the row unit (10) further comprising: a closing wheel assembly (100) disposed rearward of the opening assembly, said closing wheel assembly (100) comprising a pivot arm (150) supporting closing wheels (110) disposed to roll along the soil surface and configured to close the open seed trench (3) after the seed is deposited, said pivot arm (150) having a forward end pivotally mounted to the row unit frame (14)； a primary actuator (120) disposed to modify a primary downforce between said closing wheel assembly (100) and said soil surface； and a secondary trench closing device mounted to said pivot arm (150) and disposed rearward of said closing wheel assembly (100), said secondary trench closing device disposed to resiliently contact said soil surface.
